Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair
What is a Rotator Cuff?
The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and tendons that stabilize the shoulder joint and allow smooth arm movement. These tendons attach the upper arm bone (humerus) to the shoulder blade (scapula), enabling rotation and lifting of the arm.
Causes of Rotator Cuff Injuries
- Repetitive Overuse: Common in athletes and workers performing frequent overhead motions.
- Acute Injury: A fall, heavy lifting, or sudden impact can tear the tendon.
- Degeneration: Age-related wear weakens the tendons, making them more susceptible to tears.
Symptoms of a Rotator Cuff Tear
- Persistent shoulder pain, especially with overhead movements
- Weakness in the affected shoulder
- Difficulty lifting or rotating the arm
- Popping or clicking sensations
- Night pain, especially when lying on the injured shoulder
What is Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair?
Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is a minimally invasive surgery that reattaches the torn tendon to the bone using sutures and anchors. A small camera (arthroscope) and specialized instruments are inserted through tiny incisions, allowing precise repair with minimal trauma to surrounding tissues.
Techniques Used in Rotator Cuff Repair
- Single-Row Repair: A single line of sutures anchors the tendon to the bone.
- Double-Row Repair: A stronger, more secure technique using two rows of sutures for larger tears.
- Superior Capsular Reconstruction: Used for massive, irreparable rotator cuff tears, involving the placement of a graft to restore shoulder stability.
Recovery After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair
Following surgery, patients wear a sling for 3-6 weeks to protect the repair. Physical therapy begins with passive range-of-motion exercises, progressing to active movement and strengthening over several months. Full recovery typically takes 5-6 months, with continued improvement for up to a year.
